Pet Adoption Guide: What You Should Know Before Adopting a Dog or Cat
By Sarah Cohen, ORSCC, L.C.S.W., P.P.S.C.
Adopting a pet is a beautiful act of compassion—it not only saves a life but also opens space in shelters for another animal in need. But before you bring home your new furry family member, it’s important to think through whether you’re truly ready for the responsibility. This pet adoption guide covers what you should know to make the best decision for you—and your future pet.
Time Commitment: Can You Meet a Pet’s Daily Needs?
Adopting a pet means committing to daily care, attention, and love. Ask yourself:
Will someone be home to care for the pet when you return to work?
Can you afford a dog walker or daycare if needed?
Do you have time for daily walks or play sessions?
If your schedule is tight, cats may be a better choice. They’re more independent and don’t need to be walked. Adult cats, in particular, are a great option because their personalities are already developed.
Tip: Puppies and kittens are adorable—but they’re high-energy. Be ready to invest time in training, socializing, and setting boundaries.
Pet Adoption Costs: Budgeting for a New Pet
Beyond the adoption fee, be prepared for both routine and unexpected expenses. Common costs include:
Quality food, toys, bedding, treats
Routine and emergency veterinary care
Pet insurance or a savings fund for emergencies
Veterinary experts recommend setting aside $2,500–$5,000 for unexpected medical costs. Responsible pet ownership includes being financially ready for all stages of your pet’s life.Breed Considerations: Purebred or Mixed?
Many shelters and rescue groups house purebred pets—around 20% of animals in shelters are purebreds. You can also find breed-specific rescues.
If you’re open to mixed breeds, they often have:
Fewer health issues
A blend of desirable traits from different breeds
Keep in mind, shelter animals might not show their best selves right away—shelter life can be stressful. Give them time to adjust.
Choosing the Right Pet for Your Lifestyle
Not every pet fits every household. Consider your home, activity level, and daily routine:
Active people: Breeds like Labradors, Shepherds, or Hound mixes make great hiking or jogging companions.
Apartment living: Smaller or lower-energy dogs—and adult or senior cats—are often a better fit.
Families with kids: Avoid herding breeds (they may nip!) and look for pets that are already accustomed to children.
Seniors or people with mobility issues: A calm, older dog or cat may be a perfect match.
Key takeaway: The best pet for you is one that matches your lifestyle, energy level, and household environment.
Are Pets Safe for Kids? Choosing the Right Match
Older animals often make better companions for young children because they’re:
Calmer and more predictable
Less likely to scratch or nip
More resilient to curious little hands
Always supervise interactions between pets and children to ensure everyone stays safe and happy.
Are Pets Safe for Kids? Choosing the Right Match
Older animals often make better companions for young children because they’re:
Calmer and more predictable
Less likely to scratch or nip
More resilient to curious little hands
Always supervise interactions between pets and children to ensure everyone stays safe and happy.
Benefits of Adopting a Senior Dog or Cat
Senior pets are often overlooked at shelters, but they make loving and loyal companions. Benefits of senior pet adoption include:
They’re usually house-trained and past the destructive puppy/kitten phase
Many bond quickly and deeply with new families
Some rescues waive adoption fees or offer help with medical expenses for older animals
“My formerly feral street cat is the one who jumps in my lap and appreciates every meal,” says Sarah. “The kittens I raised take it all for granted.”
Adopting from a Shelter vs. Rescue: Key Differences
Every shelter and rescue organization operates a little differently. When exploring your options, ask about:
Health protocols (vaccinations, spay/neuter, microchips)
Disease testing (especially for cats—ask about FIV and FeLV)
The adoption process (some require home checks or trial periods)
If one organization isn’t the right fit, don’t give up—there are many reputable animal rescue groups out there ready to help you find your perfect match.
Final Thoughts: Preparing to Adopt a Pet
Adopting a dog or cat is a long-term commitment—often 10 to 15+ years. Before moving forward:
Assess your lifestyle and resources
Choose a pet that fits your home and energy level
Be honest about what you can provide—emotionally, financially, and physically
Whether you're welcoming a playful puppy or a wise senior cat, you’re not just adopting a pet—you’re gaining a loyal companion and family member for life.
Written By: Sarah Cohen, ORSCC, L.C.S.W., P.P.S.C.
Photo by Priscilla Du Preez 🇨🇦 on Unsplash
Copyright: Sipa USA